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Author: search.filters.author.Mathur, Piyush

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    Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Novel Cellulose and Starch Degrading Bacteria Isolated from the Rhizospheric Soil of Dendrocalamus minor and Musa sp.
    (University of North Bengal, 2023) Chettri, Neha; Singh, Rishika; Misra, Megha; Sarkar, Sulagna; Toppo, Prabha; Bhandari, Jnan Bikash; Mathur, Piyush
    The rhizosphere is the most active region of soil where plants and microorganisms live in close association and exhibit complex interactions. In the present study, rhizospheric soil samples were collected from bamboo and banana growing well in University of North Bengal campus. Cellulolytic and amylolytic bacteria were isolated from these samples through serial dilution technique and were identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics. The study showed presence of four isolates mostly from genera Bacillus sp. from rhizosphere of bamboo capable of degrading cellulose while five isolates (Rummeliibacillus sp., Lysinibacillus, Brevibacillus, and Bacillus) from rhizosphere of banana and degrade starch respectively. The study although preliminary but will prove valuable for the extraction of these enzymes from these rhizospheric isolates and will be highly appreciated for their application in biotechnology sector.
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    Antifungal Efficacy of Cu-Based Nano-Chitosan on Rhizopus stolonifer, A Virulent Phytopathogen
    (University of North Bengal, 2022) Chouhan, Divya; Choudhuri, Chandrani; Dutta, Poulami; Mandal, Palash; Mathur, Piyush
    Agro-scientists are giving endless efforts for synthesizing a bio-derived molecule that can act as a promising antifungal agent for combating a large number of phytopathogens. Harmful phytopathogens decrease crop yield and its quality. Rhizopus stolonifer is one such virulent phytopathogen that causes huge losses during the post-harvest period of crops. This pathogen mainly causes rot disease in fruits, crops, and vegetables. The second most abundantly available biological macromolecule, Chitosan and its metal-based nanoparticles stands as a potential antifungal agent for combating Rhizopus stolonifer. This study includes the synthesis of Cu chitosan nanoparticles (Cu-CNPs) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) through the ionic gelation method and its characterization based on UV Vis spectrophotometer, FE-SEM, EDXS, and DLS. Cu-CNPs and CNPs were screened from 100-2000 µg/mL concentration against R. stolonifer for the assessment of its antifungal activity. Spore viability assay and lipid peroxidation of the pathogen using Cu-CNPs and CNPs were also determined. Generation of oxidative stress in the mycelium of the pathogen on the application of Cu-CNPs and CNPs was traced by fluorescence microscopy. Changes in the ultra-structure of the sporangium of R. stolonifer after treatment with Cu-CNPs and CNPs were visualized under SEM. Results showed that Cu-CNPs inhibit the growth of R. stolonifer at 2000 µg/mL and elevate malonaldehyde (MDA) content in the pathogen as a result of lipid peroxidation and produces defined damages on the sporangium membrane as observed under electron microscope. Fluorescence microscopy revealed the emission of high intensity of fluorescence due to the generation of oxidative stress in Cu-CNPs treated fungal mycelium.
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    Disease Management in Brassicaceae family through various biocontrol agents: A review
    (University of North Bengal, 2021-03) Kundu, Chitra; Rai, Bijeta; Subba, Rewaj; Mathur, Piyush
    Biological control being an eco-friendly approach against phytopathogens holds a great potential in near future. Severity of chemical-based pesticides have resulted risk to mankind and the environment. The increasing demand for chemical free products all over the world promotes eco-friendly approach such as biological control as a replacement to chemical pesticides. Various bio-formulations of living organisms can be employed to control several plant pathogens. Studies have shown that bacteria, fungi and plants can act as an important source of biocontrol products and have shown positive results in both in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. This review will help us to provide insight towards the potential of various biological entities against major diseases in Brassicaceae along with mechanisms which might be useful in developing various bio-pesticides against plant pathogens for sustainable agriculture.
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    Understanding the functional attributes of different microbial enzymes in bioremediation
    (University of North Bengal, 2020-03) Malakar, Neha; Mitra, Sreya; Toppo, Prabha; Mathur, Piyush
    Bioremediation uses biological organisms and their metabolic processes in order to degrade contaminants present in water, soil etc. Microbes have the vast potential are the major resource for bioprocess of using microbial enzymes reduces the toxicity of pollutants caused by the waste materials like pesticides, insecticides, plastics, other hydrocarbon-containing substances and obtain novel useful substances for mankind and the environment. Enzymes produced by bacteria, fungi, plants play a key role in the biodegradation of toxic organic compounds. The purpose of bioremediation processes that will an eco-friendly and cost-effective mechanism. The aim is to develop an advanced technique in bioprocesses that will help to minimize toxin risk and thereby acquire new, usable substances. Some of the bioremediation-related compounds like oxidoreductases hydrolases, dioxygenase, peroxidases, and laccase are most widely considered. The aim of the review is to express the role of microbial enzymes on the bioremediation of toxic, hazardous environmental pollutants.